Medicina Bucureşti

Catalytic antibodies to HIV: Physiological role and potential clinical utility

Stephanie Planquea, Yasuhiro Nishiyamaa, Hiroaki Taguchia, Maria Salasb, Carl Hansonb and Sudhir Paula, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author

aChemical Immunology Research Center, Departments of Pathology and Medicine University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX, United States

bViral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California 94804, United States

Available online 29 April 2008.

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Abstract

Immunoglobulins (Igs) in uninfected humans recognize residues 421–433next term located in the B cell superantigenic site (SAg) of the HIV envelope protein gp120 and catalyze its hydrolysis by a serine protease-like mechanism. The catalytic activity is encoded by germline Ig variable (V) region genes, and is expressed at robust levels by IgMs and IgAs but poorly by IgGs. Mucosal IgAs are highly catalytic and neutralize HIV, suggesting that they constitute a first line of defense against HIV. Lupus patients produce the Igs at enhanced levels. Homology of the previous term421–433next term region with an endogenous retroviral sequence and a bacterial protein may provide clues about the antigen driving anti-SAg synthesis in lupus patients and uninfected subjects. The potency and breadth of HIV neutralization revives hopes of clinical application of catalytic anti-previous term421–433next term Igs as immunotherapeutic and topical microbicide reagents. Adaptive improvement of anti-SAg catalytic Igs in HIV infected subjects is not customary. Further study of the properties of the naturally occurring anti-SAg catalytic Igs should provide valuable guidance in designing a prophylactic vaccine that amplifies protective catalytic immunity to HIV.

Keywords: Catalytic antibodies; B cell superantigen; HIV; Lupus; Passive immunotherapy; Vaccination
Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Superantigenic character of gp120
3. What drives catalytic Ig formation?
4. Implications for host-virus evolutionary relationship (Fig. 2)
5. Clinical prospects
Take-home messages
Acknowledgements
References

Melania wrote:Hotnews nu e revista de hartie:
http://www.descopera.ro/revista-descopera
Pai trimite si tu un cv si scrisoare de intentie, poate te accepta.
In sfarsit, raspunsul la intrebare e: nu, inca nu am scapat de HIV.

tapirul wrote:si de daca, nu se aplica ideea cu scotocitul pe internet? Sau vrei doar sa fii cârcotaş ca de obicei?